Monday, November 24, 2014

Science as Storytelling

I have been absolute crap at communication lately...  I could try to explain it again, but it’s mostly going to be a series of me complaining about how much work I’ve had, and how little sleep I’ve gotten, which really isn’t all that interesting.  So, instead, this is going to be a post about storytelling.

Storytelling sounds easy, but it’s actually quite difficult.  You need a beginning, middle and end, and they somehow have to be both coherent and interesting.  You have to consider your audience, and your word choice, and the most relevant parts of the story, particularly if you have a word limit.  You have to be able to explain what you’re talking about in a way that doesn’t bore your reader to pieces, the way I’m sure I’m doing right now (boring you to pieces, that is, not being particularly enlightening).

For as long as I can remember, I wanted to be a storyteller.  I always wanted to be the next great American novelist.  There are more half-written stories scattered around my room than I can count; most of them are complete trash.  Some have some interesting points, but none have enough interesting points to make them into a full story.  And, certainly, none of them are the next great American novel.  None of them are even a good novel.  Most of them are five pages long, if that.

My storytelling abilities always got hung up on the fact that I couldn’t cause a story to spring from my pen fully formed.  I couldn’t sit down and write a complete, coherent, compelling piece, which frustrated me to no end.  I thought that being a good storyteller meant that you could write without thinking about it.  I’ve since learned that I was completely incorrect on that count.

This semester, I’ve learned that a large portion of science is storytelling.  I don’t mean storytelling in the fictional sense, of course.  I mean it more in the sense that your data will probably make zero sense to anyone but yourself without some explanation.  It’s also storytelling in the sense that the success of your research completely hinges upon your ability to present it in a coherent, interesting manner- much the same as the stories that I was discussing earlier.

I’ve gotten to do a lot of storytelling this semester.  The class that I’m spending the most time on is 7.18, which is Project Lab.  It’s basically an extension of my UROP, in that I’m doing lab work in my lab, and then using that lab work to do class work for several hours a week.  The class is a “CI-M”, or Communication Intensive Class- Major (not all of our acronyms make sense... I don’t think we even tried with that one :P).  What that actually means is that it includes three major presentations and over 20 pages of writing, a portion of which are turned in in draft form and then revised. Twenty pages of writing really doesn’t sound like that much, but to an MIT student used to communicating in numbers and problem sets, a paper that long can be a touch overwhelming.  And then you remember that the paper isn’t written in normal English, but in that strange language that is “Science” and you figure out why I haven’t written a blog post for the past three weeks.

But anyway, back to storytelling.  My research topic is reasonably complex, and fairly specific, meaning that there’s a great deal of background information needed to fully understand what’s going on.  In my paper and in each of my presentations, I have to explain that background information, as well how my results relate to the previous research that had been done on the topic.  And it has to be done in an interesting way.  Granted, this doesn’t necessarily mean interesting in the traditional sense- it’s probably more accurate to say that it has to be interesting to scientists studying similar things.  Which, granted, is a fairly niche group.  But even I occasionally get bored with my research (which is why I’m currently writing this blog post and not the revisions of my paper).

Presentations are even harder.  Most of the time, the people reading scientific papers are going to be people who are already interested in the topic (believe me, those papers are way too dense to try reading them without reason to do so).  Presentations, though, are quite often given to people with little or no background in the topic you’re talking about.  You have to be prepared to walk them through the information, without sounding like that’s what you’re doing.  It’s kind of a delicate balancing act.

At the beginning of the semester, our first presentation was just an introductory presentation about what we were doing.  I think I would be justified in saying that I did quite poorly in that presentation.  I’ve never been a good presenter, largely because standing in front of people and talking terrifies me.  It was the same with singing, or giving our mini-presentations at Christmas time... I hated having all eyes on me with the expectation that I was going to do something interesting.  This presentation was no different.  Although I knew what I was talking about, I didn’t manage to communicate that well to my class (as evidenced by their blank stares back at me throughout the presentation).  In my meeting with the professors to discuss my presentation, I was told that I sounded condescending and bored.  This, of course, upset me rather a lot, and my grad student and my friends go to listen to several minutes of ranting about the fact that I can’t give presentations, and that it’s not my fault that my voice is the way it is.

Several weeks of grumpiness and general hatred of presentations passed.  During this time, we were writing papers, but there was a break from presenting for a while.  And then it came time for our second class presentation.  This one went a lot better.  I think this was in large part because I finished the slides before 5 am on the day that the presentation was due (unlike with the first presentation), and was able to practice it several times over, in front of different audiences.  The storytelling aspect became particularly clear when I transitioned between different audiences.  When I initially gave my presentation to my grad student, he followed all of my logical jumps, because he has also been working on the project, and knows what the ups and downs have been.  In contrast, when I gave the presentation to my friends, they were generally able to follow the science, but got super confused by the logic.  As a result, I restructured the presentation into a more story-like form.  When I presented that version to my class, it went over surprisingly well.  I was the only one in my class who was applauded after their presentation (which may have been more about the content than my presenting skills, but it was still nice).  And this time, in our post-presentation meeting, I was told that the professors knew they had put me through the ringer after the first presentation, but that I should actually count presenting amongst my skills, because the second presentation was just miles better than the first one.

The comment about sounding bored and condescending this semester was not actually unique- I’ve gotten that one before, in previous semesters, and I think even in high school.  So the idea that I could actually be good at presenting, and not just “not abysmal” was kind of weird.  And honestly, it’s still a weird idea.  Why you would want to listen to me talk, I’m not sure.  (For that matter, if you’ve made it this far in this highly disjointed and horribly written blog post, I’m very impressed.)  But presenting requires storytelling in a way that writing doesn’t.  Both require knowing your audience and presenting your data in the most effective way for that audience.  But only presenting requires you to do it orally.  You don’t already have a captive audience when you’re presenting- you have to grab them and hang on to them.  And in that way, I think that presenting is actually harder than writing a paper (feel free to disagree with me... but I think capturing a captive audience is pretty darn hard).

All of this has been an incredibly long-winded way of saying that storytelling is important in science, and I’ll get to do a great deal more of it, both in the rest of this semester (which is only like three weeks.... AHHHHHH) and throughout IAP and the rest of my career.  I mention IAP specifically because I’ve been invited to speak at the MIT Biology Undergraduate Research Symposium, which means that at the end of IAP I'll get to give a 10-15 minute talk about what I’ve been doing for the past semester-ish, and convince people why it’s important in the grander context of science.  No pressure at all.  I’m actually fairly excited about this- I’m just kind of freaking out about the idea right now.  Particularly the questions afterwards... there are about 15 minutes after the presentation for questions, and I’m sure any professors in the audience will quiz me.  So I’ll have some studying to do over the Christmas break. :P

That’s most of my big news right now.  Most of my time is being taken up with paper writing and trying to get results in lab so that I can write my paper, and last minute grad school application things.  It’s possible that I’m turning into a ball of stress.  But I get to make yummy food for Thanksgiving, so there’s that to look forward to!

Also, because my storytelling has already been horrendous in this post, and because I’m still procrastinating on everything else I need to do today, I’m going to end by sharing one of our assignments from 7.18.  It’s a really interesting assignment- the goal was to write the abstract (sort of a summary paragraph) of our paper so that it could be read and understood by a group of non-scientists.  Like I said, my topic is fairly complex and very specific, so you’ll have to tell me if things are unclear.  This was a rather difficult assignment for me. :P  Happy Thanksgiving to everyone! I hope you weren’t too put off by my horrible storytelling, and that you don’t get too bored by this version of my abstract. :P


Abstract 

Everyday, our genetic information is being damaged by things all around us.  When the damage is not repaired, it can lead to diseases such as cancer, or to cell death. As such, our bodies have various methods of repairing this damage, and specific types of damage are repaired by specific methods.  For some types of damage, such as the etheno C lesion, the specific repair method is still in question.  In this paper, we used a newly developed test to examine the possible methods by which etheno C lesions are repaired.  The test uses fluorescent reporters to measure repair of specific types of damage- when fluorescence is present, the damage is repaired, and when it’s not, no repair has occurred.  Using cells with differing abilities to use each method of repair, we looked at the amount of fluorescence, and determined the likely methods of repairing etheno C lesions.  In the larger context, this research is interesting because it provides information about the methods by which specific types of DNA damage are repaired, which could help assess or prevent cancer risk in the future.



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